A capacitor is a passive device that can store charge as the battery of mobile stores, used as tuning circuits on radio systems, etc.
But the main problem is how a small device can perform such a task?
Let's understand it in detail.
A capacitor consists of two metallic plates separated by a dielectric material. The dielectric material is an insulator it can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, paper, mica, etc. Since a capacitor is separated by a dielectric material therefore when you charge the capacitor, charges get stored in plates.
Let's say if you are charging a capacitor then the amount of charge accumulated on the plates of capacitors per unit voltage is known as capacitance.
C=Q/V
Where C is the capacitance
Q is charge &
V is voltage
Thus we can say that capacitance is inversely proportional to the voltage
i.e (C α 1/V)
Capacitance also depends on the Area of plates(A), the distance between two plates(d) & permittivity of the dielectric material
C = €*A/d
Where C is the capacitance
€ is the permittivity of the dielectric medium to transfer the charge
A is the area of the plate
d is the distance between two plates
Thus from both formulas, we conclude that
Q/V = €*A/d
i.e Q α A &
Q α 1/d
therefore we can say that as the area of plates increases then the amount of charge that plate can store increases &
if the distance of plates is decreased then the amount of charge that plate can store increases
let's do it practically:-
I have 2 capacitors one with a small area and one with a large area I applied the same 9volts to both the capacitors for 10sec
just watch the video you will understand the concept quickly and easily
VIDEO:-1
Here the capacitor that is used has a large area therefore it can hold many charges (electrons) due to which the time taken by the capacitor to discharge is more as compared with that of the capacitor shown in video 2
VIDEO:-2
Here the capacitor is used as a small area since it can hold very fewer charges (electrons) due to which the time taken by the capacitor to discharge is more as compared with that of the capacitor shown in video 1
Let's understand it in detail.
A capacitor consists of two metallic plates separated by a dielectric material. The dielectric material is an insulator it can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, paper, mica, etc. Since a capacitor is separated by a dielectric material therefore when you charge the capacitor, charges get stored in plates.
Let's say if you are charging a capacitor then the amount of charge accumulated on the plates of capacitors per unit voltage is known as capacitance.
C=Q/V
Where C is the capacitance
Q is charge &
V is voltage
Thus we can say that capacitance is inversely proportional to the voltage
i.e (C α 1/V)
Capacitance also depends on the Area of plates(A), the distance between two plates(d) & permittivity of the dielectric material
Where C is the capacitance
€ is the permittivity of the dielectric medium to transfer the charge
A is the area of the plate
d is the distance between two plates
Thus from both formulas, we conclude that
Q/V = €*A/d
i.e Q α A &
Q α 1/d
therefore we can say that as the area of plates increases then the amount of charge that plate can store increases &
if the distance of plates is decreased then the amount of charge that plate can store increases
I have 2 capacitors one with a small area and one with a large area I applied the same 9volts to both the capacitors for 10sec
just watch the video you will understand the concept quickly and easily
VIDEO:-1
VIDEO:-2
Here the capacitor is used as a small area since it can hold very fewer charges (electrons) due to which the time taken by the capacitor to discharge is more as compared with that of the capacitor shown in video 1
If you want to understand the concept in depth then I recommend you to watch the video, the link to the video is given below.
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